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World’s first 5G district in Shanghai

Mobile communication is set to revolutionize in the near future with the introduction of 5G coverage for the first time in China. Shanghai on Saturday claimed to have the world’s first district with 5G coverage and a broadband gigabit network. It conducted trial runs of the 5G network, backed by telecom services provider China Mobile.

It is reported that Shanghai’s vice-mayor Wu Qing made the network’s first 5G video call on Huawei’s Mate X smartphone, the first 5G foldable phone.

The city aims to build over 10,000 5G base stations by the end of this year and the number of 5G base stations could cross 30,000 in 2021, said Zhang Jianming, deputy director of the Shanghai Municipal Economic and Informatization Commission, the telecom and industry regulator.

Bank of Baroda now a key player in banking sector as third largest lender

From April onwards, state-run Bank of Baroda is set to play a larger role in the Banking sector with the merger of Dena Bank and Vijaya Bank with itself from March 31.The Reserve Bank had on March 30 said branches of Dena Bank and Vijaya Bank would function as BoB outlets from April following the amalgamation. After the merger it has become the third largest bank in the country after State Bank of India and HDFC Bank.

After the amalgamation, BoB will have over 9,500 branches, 13,400 ATMs, 85,000 employees to serve 12 crore customers. The bank will have a business mix of Rs 15 lakh crore of balance sheet, with deposits and advances of Rs 8.75 lakh crore and Rs 6.25 lakh crore, respectively.

Post-amalgamation BoB will have a 22 percent market share in Gujarat and 8-10 percent market share in Maharashtra, Karnataka, Rajasthan and Uttar Pradesh. This is second merger of state-run banks in the recent years in the banking sector after State Bank had merged five of its associate banks- State Bank of Patiala, State Bank of Bikaner and Jaipur, State Bank of Mysore, State Bank of Travancore and State Bank of Hyderabad and also Bhartiya Mahila effective April 2017.

Lok Sabha Elections: Parties still looking for strong issues

The election process has begun and the ruling party as well as the opposition parties have started reaching out to the people with their claims and counter claims.

The government is claiming to have done a lot for the people, during the last five years, and boast that these five years have been different. As per the data available, the government claims that over 19 crore have got ration cards, 22 crore LPG connection, eight crore duplicate cards and connections detected, 34.7 crore Jan-dhan account have benefited the poor, 27.5 crore have debit cards and of them 18 crore are women; MUDRA loans of Rs 50,000 to Rs 10 lakh have helped 15 crore people and 70% of them are women; 50% villages are digitally connected and roads link up 91% villages. It looks an impressive data, but how far the voter gets impressed by it, only election results will tell. The opposition has not yet started firing its salvos. But they do not agree with all the claims. The Congress and Samajwadi Party have said that they had started many of these programmes and the BJP only carried it forward.

To project itself as a development oriented party, the BJP says that it has taken the benefits to the grassroots and in a graft-free environment. Farmers they say have been given 1.5 times of the cost as minimum support price and 14 crore soil health cards issued. The government has also announced minimum income guarantee of Rs 6,000 to farmer even as the Congress, TRS and other parties have been showering them with loan waivers.

The political mud-slinging would heat up the poll arena but whether these would result in votes for a particular party – nobody is sure. Voters are silent listeners but apply their own logic to accept or reject the claims – some real, some imaginary and some out of the blue.  Voting is a complex phenomenon in India and different set of factors play vital role in the political outcome in different parts of the country. In some areas national issues might influence the poll outcome, while in other local and regional issues might be the deciding factors.

It seems, due to lack of a strong national issue except nationalism and military honours, regional and sub-local issues might play a role that party leaders might not have even considered. These local factors might be influencing the lives of common people strongly. Let us take the issue of roads. These are being constructed and entailing huge budgets. It is also burdening people with huge costs in tolls and raking up never heard questions. People now have started questioning why a road should cost beyond the estimates of the NHAI. They wonder why the national highways and even some expressways are not as good as they are claimed to be. They are also questioning why connecting roads built by the state governments are in a state of dilapidation. Even the toll roads are far below the standard. Should people have to shell out extra to get the basic?

Is corruption an issue? It is but not at the level it was in 2014. Graft and Ram temple have become far softer issue or the barbs are hitting all. The Lok Sabha elections despite pan-national approach are to be fought on clans, classes, castes, religious groupings. Economy and development may be a concern but parochial group interests always sway the minds. Democracy is a game of numbers.

The Mahagathbandhan is still emerging. In UP the SP-BSP may look formidable. There is a third element – Congress. With Priyanka Gandhi entering the fray and softly cajoling and reassuring the people, it can make a change in electoral arithmetic. If Congress does even a little better, its tally, according to observers, can swell.  Congress approach this time is soft, persuasive attack. It also is trying to develop an emotional connect with the people against the BJP’s high patriotic emotional sentiments backed with extolling the uniformed people.

One solace for the BJP is that the opposition still does not look to be a unified force to match aggression and sharp attack of prime minister Narendra Modi. The scenario may change if the opposition suddenly starts sprinting. Whatever the election outcome be, this time elections are more complex and both – the ruling dispensation and the opposition parties are gasping to have a grip over the issues.

The Fallout of an Unprepared Mind, and Nation

As reported by Nature, in the case of a nuclear catastrophe, the United States of America is woefully unprepared as a nation, because of the current severity of the problem and the statement of the potential response to nuclear threats by the US; this leaves the leadership with unprepared minds and the nation with an unprepared infrastructure and, potentially, will in order to combat this great threat, among the greatest alongside overpopulation and anthropogenic climate change/global warming.

We are in a lot of trouble. We do not need incompetent antics to prevent the work to reduce the risks of nuclear proliferation that increase the risks of a nuclear attack. As reported, “The United States is not prepared to deal with the aftermath of a major nuclear attack, despite North Korea’s efforts to develop nuclear weapons and the increasing tensions between nations overall.”

This was the assessment, not the judgment, of public-health experts taking part in a meeting on nuclear preparedness organized and, presumably, hosted by the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. An expert in disaster nursing at John Hopkins University, Tener Veenema, described the meeting as “an acknowledgement that the threat picture has changed, and that the risk of this happening has gone up.”

Veenema was the co-chair of the conference. As the reportage notes, with the decline and fall, and collapse, of the former Soviet Union, the central concern since 1991 of the United States in terms of research and preparedness for the possibility of a nuclear strike has been on terrorist attacks. The focus there is with what is called a dirty bomb. Those 1-kilotonne weapons that can then spray radioactive material.

Nature continues, “But North Korea is thought to have advanced thermonuclear weapons — each more than 180 kilotonnes in size — that would cause many more casualties than would a dirty bomb (see ‘Damage estimates’).”

Obviously, this increases the magnitude of the concern and the risk in terms of thermonuclear devastation. With thermonuclear warheads on the development horizon, potentially, the next response, according to Cham Dallas of the University of Georgia, is simply to shrug and then act as if nothing can be done.

“The US government’s spending on nuclear-weapons research and response has dropped drastically over the past few decades — as has the number of health workers with training in radiation medicine and management,” Naturereports, “According to a 2017 study1 by Dallas, more than half of emergency medical workers in the United States and Japan have no training in treating radiation victims.”

Photo by Paweł Czerwiński on Unsplash

Policy misadventures causing irreparable economic and ecological loss

In the last few years India has seen an unusual spurt in infrastructure projects. Be it expressways, townships or airports – there has been a spree of announcements and launch programmes. But how these projects are benefitting the economy or improving the lives of citizens of the country, no one knows. On the contrary, if we go by the recent developments, these big-ticket infrastructure projects seem to be pointing out to a bigger economic and ecological malaise.  

Economically, the most recent example of deliberate policy mismanagement is that of IL&FS, a major infrastructure development and finance company. The IL&FS exposure is apparently expanding everyday from the initial Rs 91,000 crore. Now it is established that even insurers are not safe. The IRDAI chairman SC Khuntia says insurers need to be proactive to policy holders’ interest. The LIC alone has over Rs 13,000 crore exposure to IL&FS, in other words this money of insuring people as of now is lost and chances of redemption is thin. The functioning of IL&FS has been unusual as it virtually gave unsecured loans to the road builders, who were supposed to collect tolls and repay. Tolls were collected but the loans were not repaid!

IL&FS does not have the money to pay back. Rating agencies have classified the equity of IL&FS as ‘junk’, which means it is absolutely un-redeemable. The common man’s money deposited with the LIC and SBI is virtually lost. Ways are being found to protect the funds of foreign investors. It is strange that major stakeholders LIC, SBI and Central Bank did not act to stop this. Financial analysts estimate that Rs 57,000 crore is the NPA (Non Performing Asset) or money virtually lost.

Real estate is a major sector known for dubious investments and financial dealings. The RBI in 2016 found that over Rs 5 lakh crore in the real estate and infra is locked in NPAs. A big group alone has Rs 1.21 lakh crore un-redeemable debts. Many of these have linkages with IL&FS. No lesson has been taken from the collapse of Jaypee group which took loans over Rs 95,000 crore in building Yamuna expressway and large townships. Now it is in trouble looking for an exit through acquisition again by government agencies.

Infrastructure like roads and flyovers are becoming source of illicit revenue generation by private parties. In fact, the tolls and road building sector may be emerging as the largest scam in the country, possibly larger than the 1992’s Harshad Mehta stock scam. It thrives on state acquiring land with public money, building roads with NHAI money in participation with some private agency and then lease out the public funded project to the private player for 30 years for collecting toll. Nobody answers why toll is needed for 30 years when not only Delhi-Noida Direct company but also many others recovered investments in three years.

Political masters have their vested interests in these projects and they make the required changes in the law to facilitate the private parties. The recent Supreme Court observation on Haryana Assembly amending the Punjab Land Preservation Act (PLPA) 1900 removing protection to the forest cover in Aravali and thus opening up more than 28,000 acres of land in Gurugram and Faridabad to private builders, is a glaring example of this. The court asked the government not act on the amended provisions and described the move as a misadventure by the state government.

The Haryana action is to virtually loot the pristine environmental preserve of the Aravalis for the benefit of a few developers and their cohorts. It is none of their concern that the NCR, suffering severe environmental degradation as aquifers are choked and forest devastated for benefiting the sharks by causing severe pollution. In fact, the worst is happening in UP. Entire stretch of Ghaziabad, Bulandshahr, Noida, Hapur, Meerut, Agra and Aligarh are being turned into desert as mesh of roads, highways, expressways and airports are constructed. And who pays for it? The common man – who has no other option but to live in this degraded environment.

The high tolls, parking charges, airport tax and other levies are leading to the exploitation of the masses. It helps groups engaged in the collection of all these, who thrive at the cost of public funded companies or the model called PPP, which simply is private pilferage of public wealth. In monetary terms alone, nation has lost over several lakh crore in such ill-thought of non-projects. If GDP is today shrinking to 6.7 percent these mega failures are responsible for it. The IL&FS, tolls and many infra projects are symptomatic of a larger disease. Whether IL&FS debts are declared NPAs or not, its redemption is difficult. National discussion on IL&FS, Haryana, UP or other infra projects are needed to immediately to stop perpetual loot and regression of the development process.

Salman Khan promises to give work to choreographer Saroj Khan

Veteran choreographer Saroj Khan, who is not getting much work in the film industry, recently met superstar Salman Khan, who promised to give her work in his future projects. Actor Salman Khan and choreographer Saroj Khan, have worked together in films like Biwi Ho Toh Aisi (1988) and Andaz Apna Apna (1994).

Saroj Khan is known for her magical pairing with Madhuri Dixit in songs like Ek Do Teen (Tezaab), Choli Ke Peechey (Khalnayak) and many others. Recently, Saroj had reportedly said that the industry had stopped giving her work. When Salman got to know of it, he asked her to meet him.

Speaking about the meeting, Saroj said: “When we met, Salman asked me what I was doing nowadays. So I told him honestly that I don’t have any work [film offers], and that I am teaching Indian classical dance to young actresses. Upon hearing that, he said, ‘Now, you will work with me’. I know he is a man of his word, so he will keep his promise.”

Interview of Sadia Hameed: Spokesperson, Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain

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Twitter suspended the account of Sadia Hameed, Spokesperson of the Council of Ex-Muslims of Britain (CEMB) on frivolous grounds. In an interview with News Intervention, Sadia Hameed describes how Wahhabi influence is affecting the policies of social media giants.

Delhi Horse Show till April 7

Delhi Horse Show is back and will continue till April 7. The show is being conducted by the Army Polo & Riding Centre at the Army Equestrian Centre here. Over 500 competitors would display their skills in four different categories at the show. Participating teams and contingents include those from the Army, paramilitary, police forces, riding clubs, institutes, schools and colleges.

Over 400 horses are participating in the event which got underway on Friday. Competitors are grouped in four categories senior, young rider, junior and children. The events will be conducted in the early morning and late in the evening under floodlights

The Delhi Horse Show has been in existence since the early part of 20th century. It was discontinued in 1979 as the grounds of the Red Fort were no longer available and as a result the public interest waned. The show was revived in 1986 under the aegis of the President’s Estate Polo Club.

This show will feature events ranging from the more serious Dressage and Show Jumping events for India’s top riders to fun gymkhana events for children and teenagers.

Interview with Josh Johnson of Atheism 411

Josh Johnson is an Administrator of Atheism 411. Here we talk about his life and views.

Scott Douglas Jacobsen: Within personal and family history, was religion or atheism part of it?

Josh Johnson: A lot of my earlier memories take place on a theological seminary that my mother was attending, and then in and around churches and parsonages. While my mother’s brand of religion was always about as progressive as religion could get, she eventually left the church over their terrible treatment of the LGBTQ+ community – something that I’m still quite proud of.

I was lucky that my parents have always been about as progressive as their generation and upbringing allowed, as if that weren’t true, I’m sure I’d have turned into an entirely different person. Their liberal-slanting brand of worship was considered downright blasphemous by other members of my family, whose “Hellfire and Brimstone” style of theology was certainly trotted out for my benefit on more than one occasion.

Jacobsen: How have your views on religion and non-religion evolved over the years?

Johnson: It was part luck, and partially a genuine effort from my parents that allowed me to see such a wide spectrum of religious faiths as a child. I was a curious kid (on levels), and the more I compared and contrasted the beliefs, the more it became clear that even the seemingly similar denominations had deeply contrasting ideas on the same subjects. Multiple parties all speaking for what is supposedly the same all-powerful entity, each giving different sets of instructions… I don’t think the idea of being a believer ever really “took”.

I can remember trying to pray once as a kid, “testing God” if you will, and when the experience was as empty for me as it appeared for others, being pretty sure the whole thing was a ruse. I functionally gave up belief in any kind of god at about the point I gave up belief in Santa.

I was dragged to church for a few years more, until I started taking an active interest in getting a Sunday school teacher to quit in protest over my non-stop questions, at which point church became optional. I briefly opted to join the Unitarian Universalist church as a teenager, as an open atheist, in an effort to better socialize with folks my own age. While the “religion without a creed” was conceptually interesting, and I met a lot of good people, at the end of the day I still found it unfortunately rife with a more traditional style of church politicking.

Since then, my only interest in anything religious has been academic. It’s harder to talk people out of their baseless superstitions if you aren’t fairly well-versed in them.

Jacobsen:  In an examination of the landscape for atheism, there has been a large increase in the numbers of nonbelievers in the advanced industrial economies. Why?

Johnson: For starters, have you ever tried to live your life according to the dictations of an ancient “holy” text?  If we just look at the Bible, you’re given a poorly written and contradictory set of rules that discourages rational thought, and encourage every kind of bigotry you can think of.

No kind-hearted person can read any fair translation of the Bible from start to finish without finding it, as a complete work, to be a morally reprehensible tome. It’s pro-slavery, it’s proudly violent, and it calls on you to treat other human beings badly. While I’m far from the first to have noticed, the god of the Bible is a truly evil character that expects horrendous things of his followers.

In my observation, most “believers” don’t even believe most of the insane ramblings that their religions are based on. They just like belonging to a community, and in a great many cases their parents successfully implanted a fear of eternal torture in Hell, which keeps them from asking too many questions. If you think simply calling yourself a “Methodist” and paying lip-service to an invisible all-powerful man on holidays is all you need to protect yourself as you keep on living an otherwise “sin-filled” life, it’s easy enough to imagine how so many people can live “religious-lite” while running on auto-pilot.

Living in an age where practically everyone has some form of access to the internet, it’s become harder to call yourself religious and not feel embarrassed by large portions of what you’re meant to believe. To give a quick example, according to the Bible you’re not meant to go near a woman when she’s on her period. Simply touching a menstruating woman means you become unclean for a week, so says the source document for Christianity.

So why are there less and less religious people, in an increasingly digital age? Because the most ignorant person you know, knows that that’s an unacceptable stance. Sexism, racism, homophobia and more are required of a “good believer”, so says their texts. As self-education becomes as easy as picking up your phone, less and less people are willing to be associated with that kind of willful ignorance.

Jacobsen: However, alongside this increase in the atheist population within the nonbelievers, we have seen a collection of two reactions. Mostly male leaders, often white, in each case. 

The one stream is more, stronger, and more literal forms of fundamentalist preaching, especially within North America and often tied to white ethnic nationalism. 

Another stream is the attempts to reinterpret the purported holy texts by a collection of unqualified, hyperbolic, and humorless people to make the Bible – as it’s mostly Christian imagery – cool again, where this tends to have thinly veiled rightwing laissez-faire economics and social views built into them.

Do you notice these too? If so, why are these the streams of reactionary ‘movements’ in the religious and religious-curious camps?

Johnson: I have certainly noticed the unfortunate truth that many recognized “atheist leaders” (I don’t like the term, as atheists don’t have a central hierarchy or any kind of clergy analog, but I know what you mean) are white men, and I have certainly seen many white men – including atheists – push grossly unacceptable ideas into the public sphere as of late.

While the “alt-right” infestation currently plaguing the United States has certainly been felt in atheist communities, we (the collective crew at Atheism 411) count ourselves among their staunch opposition. I’ve seen some semi-famous atheist YouTubers and bloggers becoming unapologetically bad people. We’ve even had to throw out a contributor on at least two occasions in the last 6 years for seemingly out of no where throwing out some kind of bigotry – including bigotry against believers in religion themselves.

Before I go any further, I want to clarify my stance on religious people: I love them. Religious people are my family, my friends, my neighbors. Atheism 411 is a humanist group, and the reason I oppose religion is because it hurts people. Tangibly and regularly, religion harms innocent human beings all over the globe… and I oppose that. But humans are awesome, so we have a zero-tolerance policy (both in our public groups, and for our page contributors) for any kind of bigotry. You can disagree with someone without dehumanizing them, and anyone incapable of meeting that reasonable mandate is not welcome among us.

Which unfortunately brings us back to the question: Since atheists are human beings, and a human being can be any kind of person – including a bad one – we have dealt with our share of bigots. While I have seen racist, sexist, homophobic, transphobic atheists pop up in our online communities, the response of myself and my admin team is always to remove them from the community ASAP, and usually to address the issue publicly if it affected more people than can be spoken to individually.

This of course opens us up to cries of being a “progressive echo-chamber”… which, to be honest, doesn’t bother me as much as some think it should. Don’t get me wrong; we welcome every kind of atheist into our community, political beliefs aside, as long as they follow a simple set of rules. But those rules include respectfully talking out your differences, and NOT being an openly bigoted bully. Which means that people who believe other human beings are somehow worth less, or entitled to less of a fulfilling life than they are, simply aren’t allowed in the club.

Funny thing about a club for humanists… You have to care about humans, to join. Even the ones who don’t look, love, or even think the way you do. Seems fair enough, to me.

As for people trying to make the Bible “cool”… I’ve not seen any successful attempts, let’s say that.

Jacobsen: How did you become involved in Atheism 411?

Johnson: I’m a marketing consultant by trade, and what finally got me to sign-up for Facebook was a specific client insisting that I start writing their FB ads for them, too.

I was a hold-out on social media as I’ve been creating websites myself since the late 90s, and the appeal/reach of social networking on other people’s websites hadn’t yet bashed me over the head.

I’ve always been an opinionated lad, but around 6 years ago I decided I wanted to start writing on atheistic topics. I found a Facebook page called “Atheism for Beginners” – founded by Matthew Happle – that had a modest following of around 7,000 people, and applied for a spot making content with a rather narcissistic image of myself juggling knives (I do that), with text imposed over it decrying the terrible bigotry that religion has a unique hand in perpetuating around the world.

I got that spot, and over time the page changed. For one, the name got swapped out for “Atheism 411” – which means “Atheist Information”, for those of you who have never experienced U.S. phone codes – and it grew in size considerably (around 46,500, at time of writing).

For a lot of its growth-period, my essays and other original content made up a large percentage of what the page put out, so I eventually took on a partnership with Matthew and became co-owner of A411 and its related Facebook pages and groups.

While Mattie is still my partner and co-owner, I’ve largely taken over the day-to-day “business”, in so much as it exists. Or I should say, the technical responsibility for said; Truth be told, I’d be incapable of keeping it in any kind of order if it weren’t for the small team of admins that selflessly and awesomely dedicate a lot of their spare time to making sure our pages and communities are friendly and entertaining places to visit. They’re my brothers and sisters, I love them, and I can’t thank them enough.

Jacobsen: What is the mission and mandate of Atheism 411?

Johnson: We seek to peacefully talk people out of their dangerous superstitions.

We see copious evidence of religion uniquely influencing the world in a negative way. The holy texts for JUST the Abrahamic religions are still used all around the world to justify slavery, the oppression and subjugation and murders of women and members of the LQBTQ+ community…

True story; because of my position with Atheism 411, people send me videos sometimes of terrible acts perpetrated in the name of gods. This is how I saw my first literal “witch burning”.

Obviously there’s no such thing as magic, so they weren’t real “witches”… but I’ve had the sickening displeasure of watching in confusion a video where people beat frightened men and women unconscious with tree branches, then cover them in branches and light it ablaze.

I probably wouldn’t have chosen to view the video, had I known what it was when I clicked. What it featured wasn’t at all clear to me, even after it started.

It wasn’t until the images were effectively seared into my brain that I realized what it was I was even watching… the violent and terrifying deaths of innocent people, because “Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live.” (Exodus 22:18 KJV)

It is my mission to peacefully talk people out of the ignorant and baseless superstitions that lead to that kind of depravity. Because the people who did that weren’t “twisting the Bible”… they were reading it literally, and applying it to reality. And that’s the same book you’ll find on the back of pews in churches around the world.

To pretend religion hasn’t earned rebuke is intellectually dishonest, to say the very least. And we have always aimed to be one of many good sources you can come to for said rebuke.

Jacobsen: Also, what is its niche? Where can people find it?

Johnson: We aim to be a reasonable voice, even though we know what we’re saying is conceptually offensive to a lot of people. Open dialog is important, sometimes especially when it’s uncomfortable. Religion is definitely one of those times.

You can find us on Facebook at https://www.facebook.com/Atheism411/

You can also find the videos I’ve made for our channel discussing atheist topics here: https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PLArlD5f-q46EAEyVNvWpCKefTI6AEg_L-

Jacobsen: Thank you for the opportunity and your time, Josh.

Photo by Lucija Ros on Unsplash

The President of the Alberta Sex Positive Centre on Sex-Positive Lifestyles

Angel Sumka is the President of Albert (Canada) Sex Positive Centre. Here we talk about men.

Scott Douglas Jacobsen: What should men know about a sex-positive lifestyle?

Angel Sumka: All people, regardless of gender, should know that sex-positive culture (which is not a lifestyle, although there are some lifestyles that are sex-positive in nature), is about valuing the diversity of human sexuality, and recognizing that consensual sexual activity is pleasurable and healthy. I think it is important to consider the benefits to our intimate relationships in learning to have this attitude, as when we are accepting and remove shame from our thinking about bodies and sexuality, we create a safe space for our partner to talk to us about their own thoughts and desires.  

Jacobsen: How can men be better lovers?

Sumka: All people, regardless of gender, become better lovers when they communicate openly and honestly, and listen to the feedback they receive from their lover(s). There is no one true way, everybody is different, and the situation is different.  

Jacobsen: For young men, or inexperienced men at any age, how can they start to have a more sex-positive perspective and skill set?

Sumka: For all inexperienced people (I am sure you are seeing the trend here), sex positivity starts with the self.  Think about how you perceive gender and the ways in which that is helpful and not so helpful. Challenge your biases about sex and gender, think critically about what you think you know about sex and pleasure. The best way to improve your sexual skill set is to start by learning about your own body, and how to communicate your own needs, and inviting your lover(s) to do the same.

Jacobsen: What are the principles of safe sex? How often are these not practiced? What are some tips and tricks to make this easy to practice?

Sumka: The principle of safe(r) sex is that we each, as responsible individuals, can take measures to reduce the risk of harm or infection for ourselves and our partners.  This starts with communication about our risk profile (do we use condoms? Do we get tested? Are we in a high-risk category, such as i.v. drug use?), includes being regularly tested, and using appropriate barriers. Often missed is that we have the responsibility to continue to be educated about sexual risks, such as learning about the risks associated with unprotected oral sex with various types of genitals.  

Jacobsen: What are the main things with sex that men do not get, whether a homosexual or heterosexual?

Sumka: As you may have noticed, I work hard to not lump people together by gender. Society, however, does not get that consent is not optional. Anytime you go to touch another person, regardless of how casually, you should be first ensuring they are 100% ok with that touch. Same with sexual comments. Your sexuality does not negate your responsibility to be sure the person you touch wants that touch. Your gender does not excuse you from requiring consent. It always troubles me that so many of us resist the idea of enthusiastic consent. Why are we ok touching people that do not want our touch?  

Jacobsen: What forces are generally sex-negative in society?Sumka: Humans, ones that feel shame about sex and continue to ensure that others feel the same way, are the ones that drive sex-negativity.

Photo by jurien huggins on Unsplash